近日，中國(guó)通量觀測(cè)研究網(wǎng)絡(luò)（ChinaFLUX）在國(guó)際學(xué)術(shù)期刊Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (Q1, IF=6.2) 上發(fā)布20周年專(zhuān)刊“Carbon, nitrogen and water fluxes of terrestrial ecosystems in China”，專(zhuān)刊討論了中國(guó)陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳、水和能量通量的變異、主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因素和調(diào)控機(jī)制等問(wèn)題。研究結(jié)果揭示了中國(guó)大陸尺度的碳水能量通量和關(guān)鍵生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能性狀的空間格局，探討了這些通量如何響應(yīng)環(huán)境變化和人類(lèi)活動(dòng)。

生態(tài)系統(tǒng)與大氣間的碳、水和能量交換是生物圈生物地球化學(xué)循環(huán)和生物物理過(guò)程的核心，不僅決定了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)、水源涵養(yǎng)、養(yǎng)分固持等生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能，還影響著區(qū)域和全球的氣候系統(tǒng)、自然資源及生態(tài)環(huán)境變化。近幾十年來(lái)，在氣候變化和人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的影響下，陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的碳水循環(huán)和能量平衡發(fā)生了顯著變化，這些過(guò)程的時(shí)空演變和驅(qū)動(dòng)因素以及相應(yīng)的資源環(huán)境效應(yīng)是生態(tài)學(xué)研究的重要領(lǐng)域，也是制定環(huán)境政策的科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。

生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳、水和能量交換過(guò)程不僅高度耦合，并且這種耦合隨著時(shí)間尺度、氣候和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類(lèi)型而變化。認(rèn)知這些耦合過(guò)程的動(dòng)態(tài)演變及其相互作用，需要開(kāi)展系統(tǒng)性的長(zhǎng)期野外觀測(cè)。渦度相關(guān)協(xié)方差技術(shù)是在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)尺度上定量測(cè)定生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳、水和能量交換過(guò)程的國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法，在過(guò)去三十年中得到了廣泛使用。渦度相關(guān)通量觀測(cè)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展推動(dòng)了北美和南美(AmeriFlux)、歐洲(EuroFlux和CarboEurope)、亞洲(ChinaFLUX和AsiaFlux)、澳大利亞(OzFlux)和全球(FLUXNET)通量網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建立。中國(guó)通量觀測(cè)研究網(wǎng)絡(luò)(ChinaFLUX) 是于2002年建立的一個(gè)國(guó)家尺度的陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳、氮、水和能量通量系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，現(xiàn)已成為AsiaFlux和FLUXNET的重要組成部分。

ChinaFLUX長(zhǎng)期致力于溫室氣體通量、環(huán)境因子和生態(tài)過(guò)程的系統(tǒng)化觀測(cè)。目前，ChinaFLUX擁有80多個(gè)觀測(cè)站點(diǎn)(24個(gè)森林、18個(gè)草地、18個(gè)農(nóng)田、15個(gè)濕地、2個(gè)荒漠、2個(gè)灌木、1個(gè)城市和1個(gè)湖泊站點(diǎn))，覆蓋了我國(guó)主要的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類(lèi)型，和從熱帶到寒溫帶的不同氣候區(qū)。ChinaFLUX在我國(guó)主要?dú)夂騾^(qū)和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類(lèi)型中開(kāi)展了長(zhǎng)達(dá)二十年的連續(xù)觀測(cè)，為量化我國(guó)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳、水和能量通量的時(shí)空變異及其對(duì)環(huán)境變化的響應(yīng)提供了強(qiáng)有力的科學(xué)認(rèn)知和數(shù)據(jù)支撐。

基于ChinaFLUX20年的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)通量和環(huán)境要素觀測(cè)，該專(zhuān)刊重點(diǎn)回答了以下三大科學(xué)問(wèn)題：

(1) ??生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的碳、水和能量通量及其相互作用在不同的生物群系間如何變異？

(2) ??中國(guó)典型生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類(lèi)型的碳、水和能量通量的季節(jié)和年際變異及其主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因素是什么？

(3) ??環(huán)境變化和人類(lèi)活動(dòng)如何影響生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳、水和能量通量？

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????專(zhuān)刊基于ChinaFLUX20年來(lái)積累的通量數(shù)據(jù)，在大陸尺度上揭示了中國(guó)碳水通量和主要生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能性狀的空間格局，以及這些通量如何響應(yīng)環(huán)境變化和人類(lèi)活動(dòng)。結(jié)果表明，近20年來(lái)，環(huán)境變化和人類(lèi)活動(dòng)對(duì)中國(guó)陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳、水和能量通量產(chǎn)生了顯著影響。

同時(shí)，ChinaFLUX在《中國(guó)科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)》期刊上發(fā)表了20周年數(shù)據(jù)專(zhuān)刊，相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)集發(fā)布于國(guó)家生態(tài)科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)中心，為我國(guó)的資源環(huán)境和生態(tài)學(xué)研究、生態(tài)安全評(píng)估、生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)、區(qū)域生態(tài)治理以及應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化決策制定提供可靠數(shù)據(jù)支撐。

ChinaFLUX二十周年系列研究成果和數(shù)據(jù)集的發(fā)布將在提升我們對(duì)當(dāng)前和未來(lái)氣候條件下生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能的理解中長(zhǎng)期作出貢獻(xiàn)，并持續(xù)推進(jìn)我國(guó)科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)的交流與共享！

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《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》專(zhuān)刊鏈接：

https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/agricultural-and-forest-meteorology/special-issue/10N4RK5CDS3

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《中國(guó)科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)》數(shù)據(jù)專(zhuān)刊鏈接:

http://csdata.org/p/paper_search/?content_type_ids=766

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專(zhuān)刊論文：?

1.?Yu,?G. R. et al., Carbon, water and energy fluxes of terrestrial ecosystems in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.109890 (主旨論文)

2.?Chen, L.F. et al., The long-term effects of thinning on soil respiration vary with season in subalpine spruce plantations. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109756.

3.?Dou, X. J. et al., High spatial variability in water use efficiency of terrestrial ecosystems throughout China is predominated by biological factors. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109834.

4.?Guo, X. N. et al., Dynamics and biophysical controls of nocturnal water loss in a winter wheat-summer maize rotation cropland: a multi-temporal scale analysis. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109701

5.?Li, X. et al., Stronger control of surface conductance by soil water content than vapor pressure deficit regulates evapotranspiration in an urban forest in Beijing, 2012–2022. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109815.

6.?Lin, Y. et al., Spatial patterns of light response parameters and their regulation on gross primary productivity in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109833.

7.?Liu, W. H. et al., Importance of the memory effect for assessing interannual variation in net ecosystem exchange. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109691.

8.?Liu, Z. G. et a., Precipitation consistently promotes, but temperature oppositely drives carbon fluxes in temperate and alpine grasslands in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109811.

9.?Ma, L. X. et al., Cascade effects of climate and vegetation influencing the spatial variation of evapotranspiration in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109826.

10.?Sun, M. Y. et al., Climate-shaped vegetation dominated the spatial pattern of the Bowen ratio over terrestrial ecosystems in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorolog, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109816.

11.?Wang, J. L. et al., Ecosystem carbon exchange across China’s coastal wetlands: spatial patterns, mechanisms, and magnitudes. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109859.

12.?Wang, L. H. et al., Seasonal patterns of carbon and water flux responses to precipitation and solar radiation variability in a subtropical evergreen forest, South China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109760.

13.?Wang, T. X. et al., Effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on carbon allocation and vegetation carbon turnover time of forest eco-systems in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109853.

14.?Wang, T. et al., Time-lag effects of flood stimulation on methane emissions in the Dongting Lake floodplain. China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109677.

15.?Wang, Y. B. et al., Seasonal variations and drivers of energy fluxes and partitioning along an aridity gradient in temperate grasslands of Northern China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109736.

16.You, C. H. et al., Inner Mongolia grasslands act as a weak regional carbon sink: a new estimation based on upscaling eddy covariance observations. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109719.

17.?Yue, Z. W. et al., Seasonal variations and driving mechanisms of CO2 fluxes over a winter-wheat and summer-maize rotation cropland in the North China plain. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109699.

18.?Zhang, T. et al., Analysis of the optimal photosynthetic environment for an alpine meadow ecosystem. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109651

19.?Zhang, T. et al., Drought-induced resource use efficiency responses in an alpine meadow ecosystem of northern Tibet. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109745.

20.?Zhao, W. et al., The temporal response of soil respiration to environment differed from that on spatial scale. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109752.

21.?Zhou, H. X. et al., Spatiotemporal characteristics of evaporation in China and its response to revegetation in a typical region by a generalized complementary approach. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109700

22.?Zhu, X.J. et al., Ecosystem responses dominate the trends of annual gross primary productivity over terrestrial ecosystems of China during 2000–2020. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109758.

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